Mapping of flood risk areas at the headquarters of the Municipality of Altamira-PA

Abstract

Global warming has been generating intense climate events that worsen over the years due to land use and occupation. Thus, environmental disasters such as floods have become more common in several cities. In view of this, the need for urban resilience to improve society's quality of life arises. The objective of the research was to map the areas at risk of flooding in the city of Altamira/PA. To this end, a bibliographic and documentary survey was carried out, obtaining data and information on the history of flooding in the study area, followed by the development of the HAND Model (Height Above the Nearest Drainage Model) using images from the Alos Palsar satellite with a spatial resolution of 12.5 m, which subsequently composed maps in 5 risk classifications for their interpretation. For this, the HAND Model and QGIS software were used. Therefore, the maps with HAND showed that the most affected neighborhoods are in the vicinity of the city center and in the northeast region of the city, making it necessary for the government to pay more attention to them when making decisions related to flood prevention and control. Furthermore, even though the HAND Model has limitations, it showed that its use was effective in delineating flood risk areas, which could be observed through its validation using historical flood records in the urban area of ​​Altamira. However, further studies are needed to improve its accuracy by reconciling more precise data, together with other elements that interfere in the dynamics of local flood events.